Certified Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse (CPHON) Practice Exam 2025 – Comprehensive All-in-One Resource for Exam Excellence!

The correct answer identifies antimetabolites, alkylating agents, and mitotic agents as the three types of cytotoxic agents applicable in the treatment of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA).

Antimetabolites are drugs that interfere with DNA synthesis and function, which can be beneficial in managing conditions where the immune system is overactive, such as AIHA. By disrupting the proliferation of abnormal immune cells, these agents can help reduce the autoimmune response that leads to hemolysis.

Alkylating agents, like cyclophosphamide, have a significant role in treating various hematological disorders, including AIHA. They work by directly damaging the DNA of rapidly dividing cells, which includes some of the problematic immune cells responsible for the hemolytic process.

Mitotic agents, often referred to as microtubule inhibitors (e.g., vincristine), target the processes of cell division, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of harmful immune cells involved in the pathophysiology of AIHA. By halting the cell cycle, these agents can reduce the number of autoreactive cells circulating in the body, promoting recovery from anemia.

In contrast, the other options present combinations of agent types that are less relevant to the specific treatment